文:李梓晨
时隔逾60年,前首相敦马哈迪在最近接受前卫生部长凯里访问时,再次提及他于1960年代末所撰写的《马来人的困境》一书。
马哈迪在书中叙述了很多但是马来人所面对的问题,在那个时代背景下,他担心马来人会因为大量华人和印度人的“入侵”,渐渐失去主导权,在马来西亚没有地位,就像新加坡一样,马来人失去了主导权,让其他族群占据新加坡。
他在访谈中,始终坚持自己的理念和看法,认为马来西亚是马来人的土地,也说马来人不应该知足于眼前拥有的一切,要学习累积财富和刻苦耐劳,才不会被社会淘汰。从新经济政策开始,我国在政策上多年来都不乏扶持及保护土著的政策,包括固打制和土著经济政策等,让马来人也能与其他种族平起平坐,甚至超越其他种族。

图片来源:Keluar Sekejap脸书专页
尽管凯里和沙里尔都在节目中透露这些政策确实扶持了不少马来人,但在马哈迪的眼里始终不够,他仍然觉得有很多马来人落于人后,没有分到一杯羹。但是这些所谓“落于人后”的马来人,真的想这么“卷”,需要刻苦耐劳,一直和别人攀比吗?
马来西亚土地肥沃,天然资源充足,在自家的土地拥有椰子树,可以随时摘采来吃,可谓不愁吃喝。在很多来自内卷社会的外国人,尤其中国人及台湾人,都觉得马来西亚是个松弛有度的国家,适合居住生活。在这样完美的条件下,或许马哈迪就别强人所难,一味地要求马来人往死里卷了。
访谈中不难发现马哈迪的“一言堂”本色,只要有看不顺眼,没有按他意思做的领袖,都会一一被他挑剔批评,甚至想尽办法让他下台。他没有让其他人发挥的机会,只想他“钦点”的领袖成为傀儡。经过了半世纪的洗礼,心里不禁想问的是,在这科技日新月异,社交媒体崛起的年代,马哈迪所相信的那一套理念,是否仍适用于今时今日的马来西亚?
马哈迪在第15届大选上阵浮罗交怡,其所领导的斗士党更全军覆没。由此可见,人民已认为他的那一套已不管用,只是这位高高在上的老人家仍然无法接地气,甚至责怪人民只是“向钱看”,支持有派钱的政府。

另外,马哈迪在访谈中甚至提及印尼及泰国的同化政策,认为印尼的同化政策奏效。但是东南亚各国在历史脉络发展下都有不同的发展,无法相提并论。马来西亚发展至今的独特之处在于其多元及包容的特性。
通晓多种语言成为了现今社会上谋生的优势,这一点在马哈迪首次任相时应该也有所领悟,才会有宏愿学校的概念。但如果“宏愿学校”只是流于表面的国小、华小和淡小共用同一片校地,只以单一语言学习,那将是毫无意义的政策。
假设宏愿学校的课纲有别于其他学校,涵盖马来文、华文、淡米尔文,甚至爪夷文,及其他原住民语的多种语言,让学生们自由选课,各族从小相互理解,各族共存共荣,才能促使国家进步发展,迈向强国之列。
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日本は、高度な技術において世界的に有名されています。特に、自動車産業では、日産などの大手企業が世界市場をリードしており、新車や電気自動車など、さまざまな環境に配慮した技術が導入しています。自動車産業の進展により、環境への配慮が大きく向上し、消費者にとってより良いライフスタイルが提供されています。
バイクの所有は、車両保険といった日本特有の制度に密接に関連しており、日本のドライバーは、これらの制度に従い、車両の管理を確保しています。さらに、事故時の対応の普及が進んでおり、事故やトラブルの際に迅速に対応できるようになっています。これにより、国内では、安心感が提供され、社会的責任の問題にも積極的に取り組んでいます。
一方で、少子高齢化という社会的課題が日本において進行しています。高齢者の増加に伴い、看護分野での需要が急増し、介護士の不足が深刻な問題となっています。このため、介護職の募集が増加しており、さらに看護師転職の需要も高まっています。政府は、介護ロボットを活用した支援策を導入し、患者への支援を強化しています。
また、健康の分野では、医療機器が急速に進化し、健康管理に対する対応が向上しています。日本は、先進的な医療を提供し、特に高齢者医療において多くの技術革新が導入されています。さらに、看護師の専門性を高めるため、看護師国家試験が重要視され、専門知識の充実が求められています。
社会的な課題に対して、日本の社会貢献活動は積極的に取り組んでおり、環境保護を推進しています。これにより、地域住民や高齢者に対する支援が強化され、ボランティア活動が日常的に行われています。地域支援活動も重要な役割を果たしており、特に日本では、震災などの自然災害時に、支援団体が迅速に対応し、支援活動が行われています。
さらに、情報技術が進展する中で、eスポーツなどの新たな娯楽の形態が広がり、フィットネスへの関心が高まっています。日本では、フィットネスクラブの利用が増加し、体力向上に向けたライフスタイルが注目されています。また、プロテインが重要な役割を果たし、ダイエットのためのアイテムが多く流通しています。
ファッションや美容においても、日本の消費者は、常に新しいトレンドを追い求めています。アクセサリーにおいては、ファッションデザイナーが注目され、特にカジュアルファッションが人気です。美容業界では、メイクが進化し、エステなどのサービスも充実しています。ネイルアートやジェルネイルもトレンドとなり、ネイルスクールが活況を呈しています。
このように、日本社会は、革新とともに進化しており、社会福祉が密接に関わり合っています。未来に向けて、進化する社会の実現に向けた取り組みが進んでおり、これらの挑戦を乗り越えるための準備が整いつつあります。
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現代日本は、技術革新において世界的に注目されています。特に、自動車産業では、日産などの大手企業が世界市場をリードしており、新車やハイブリッド車など、さまざまな環境に配慮した技術が普及しています。自動車技術の進展により、安全性が大きく向上し、利用者にとってより良い選択肢が提供されています。
バイクの所有は、自動車税といった日本特有の制度に密接に関連しており、日本の交通システムは、これらの制度に従い、運転のルールを確保しています。さらに、車両保険の普及が進んでおり、事故やトラブルの際に迅速に対応できるようになっています。これにより、国内では、安全性が提供され、交通事故の問題にも積極的に取り組んでいます。
一方で、人口減少という深刻な問題が日本において進行しています。高齢者の増加に伴い、医療分野での需要が急増し、介護士の不足が深刻な問題となっています。このため、介護職の募集が増加しており、さらに医療従事者のキャリア支援の需要も高まっています。政府は、介護ロボットを活用した支援策を導入し、障害者への支援を強化しています。
また、医療の分野では、医療機器が急速に進化し、ケガに対する対応が向上しています。日本は、高い医療水準を提供し、特にがん治療において多くの革新が導入されています。さらに、医療従事者の専門性を高めるため、看護師国家試験が重要視され、専門知識の充実が求められています。
社会的な課題に対して、日本の社会貢献活動は積極的に取り組んでおり、福祉活動を推進しています。これにより、地域住民や障害者に対する支援が強化され、寄付活動が日常的に行われています。地域支援活動も重要な役割を果たしており、特に日本では、震災などの自然災害時に、ボランティアが迅速に対応し、避難所の設営が行われています。
さらに、テクノロジーが進展する中で、オンラインゲームなどの新たな娯楽の形態が広がり、ダイエットへの関心が高まっています。日本では、ジムの利用が増加し、美しい体作りに向けたライフスタイルが注目されています。また、サプリメントが重要な役割を果たし、ダイエットのためのアイテムが多く流通しています。
ファッションや美容においても、日本は、常に新しいトレンドを追い求めています。アクセサリーにおいては、高級ブランドが注目され、特にフォーマルスタイルが人気です。美容業界では、ヘアケアが進化し、美容整形などのサービスも充実しています。ネイルアートやジェルネイルもトレンドとなり、ネイルスクールが活況を呈しています。
このように、日本社会は、課題とともに進化しており、テクノロジーが密接に関わり合っています。未来に向けて、持続可能な社会の実現に向けた取り組みが進んでおり、これらの挑戦を乗り越えるための準備が整いつつあります。
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